Everything about The Antarctic Circle totally explained
The
Antarctic Circle is one of the five major
circles (or parallels) of latitude that mark maps of the
Earth. As of
2000, it lies at
latitude 66
° 33′ 39″ (or 66.56083°) south of the
equator. The area south of the Antarctic Circle is known as the
Antarctic, and the zone immediately to the north is called the
Southern Temperate Zone. The equivalent line of latitude in the northern hemisphere is the
Arctic Circle.
Every place south of the Antarctic Circle experiences a period of twenty-four hours' continuous daylight at least once per year, and a period of twenty-four hours' continuous night time at least once per year. That is to say, there's at least one whole day during which the sun doesn't set, and at least one whole day during which the sun doesn't rise. On the Antarctic Circle these events occur, in principle, exactly once per year, at the
December solstice and
June solstice respectively. This happens because the earth's axis is tilted, by approximately 23.5 degrees, relative to
ecliptic (the plane of the earth's orbit around the sun). At the
June solstice the southern hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun to its maximum extent, and the region of permanent darkness reaches its northern limit; at the
December solstice the southern hemisphere is tilted towards the Sun to its maximum extent, and the region of permanent sunlight reaches its northern limit.
In practice several other factors affect the appearance of continuous day or night, the most important being
atmospheric refraction, the altitude of the observer above sea level,
mirages, and the fact that the sun is a disc rather than a point. Mirages on the Antarctic continent tend to be even more spectacular than in Arctic regions, creating, for example, a series of apparent sunsets and sunrises while in reality the sun remains under the horizon.
Due to gradual changes in the tilt of the Earth's axis, the Antarctic Circle is slowly moving..
Geography and demographics
The
continent of
Antarctica forms a land mass covering much of the area within the Antarctic Circle. There is no permanent human population on Earth south of the Antarctic Circle. There are, however, several Antarctic research centers from various nations that are inhabited by teams of scientists that rotate on a seasonal basis. In previous centuries, some semi-permanent whaling stations were established on the continent and some of the whalers would live there for a year or more. At least three children have been born in Antarctica. However, they were born in stations north of the Antarctic Circle.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Antarctic Circle'.
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